The Science Behind Braces: How do Braces Make Teeth Move?

What are braces ?

Braces are orthodontic appliances used to correct misaligned teeth, spacing, crowding and bite problems. They help improve your smile, function, and overall appearance.

What are the types of braces?

There are several types of braces

Metal Braces

These are traditional braces made up of high-grade stainless steel brackets and wires. They align the teeth by gently shifting them to the required position over a period of time.

Once brackets are bonded, patients need to be cautious about what they eat. Hard and sticky foods should be avoided, as they may break or loosen the brackets.

Braces Treatment at Dhriti Dental

Ceramic Braces

Ceramic braces are a popular alternative to metal braces. These tooth-colored brackets blend with the natural teeth, making them less noticeable and more aesthetic.

Ceramic braces are a little more expensive than traditional metal braces and may stain easily if proper oral hygiene is not maintained.

Ceramic Braces

Lingual Braces

Lingual braces function the same way as metal braces but are bonded to the back (lingual) surface of the teeth, making them virtually invisible.

They are more difficult to clean and can be more uncomfortable, especially in the early stages of treatment.

Lingual Braces

Aligners

Aligners, often referred to as invisible braces, are an alternative to traditional braces. Instead of brackets and wires, they use a series of custom-made, clear plastic trays to gradually move teeth into position

alligners

How do teeth move?

It is imperative to understand how teeth can move before we delve into how orthodontic treatment moves and aligns the teeth.

Teeth are anchored in the jawbone by the periodontal ligament, a fibrous connective tissue that attaches each tooth to the surrounding bone. While the bone and gingiva keep the teeth stable, the periodontal ligament allows slight, controlled movement in response to sustained pressure.

What is the science behind braces?

Braces work by harnessing precise, sustained forces that interact with the periodontal ligament and jawbone to initiate controlled tooth movement. This gentle pressure creates zones of compression and tension that trigger bone remodeling, allowing teeth to gradually shift.

Principle of Orthodontic Force and Tooth Movement

Braces use precisely controlled pressure transmitted through the periodontal ligament (PDL) to initiate a biological response in surrounding tissues.

Orthodontic Force

Braces work by applying constant, gentle pressure to the teeth. This pressure doesn't move the teeth directly but instead stimulates a biological response that causes the surrounding bone and ligament to remodel and adapt.

Tension and Compression

When force is applied to one side of the tooth it experiences compression, which causes resorption of the bone by the cells called osteoclasts.

The opposite side experiences tension, which results in bone formation by osteoblasts.

Biological Changes in response to Orthodontic Force

Orthodontic forces initiate a cascade of biological events that facilitate tooth movement through the remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These changes can be categorized into the following stages:

Bone Remodelling

The pressure applied by the braces initiates a biological response known as bone remodelling. Two types of bone cells involved in this process. Osteoclasts cause bone resorption in areas under pressure and osteoblasts cause bone deposition in areas under tension. This dynamic process allows teeth to gradually shift into their new positions.

Role of Periodontal Ligament

The periodontal ligament is a soft, connective tissue between the tooth and the bone and plays a critical role in this process. When force is applied, it triggers a cellular response that initiates bone remodeling. The ligament adapts to the applied force, allowing for stable and controlled tooth movement.

How do braces help the teeth?

Braces not only enhance the appearance of your smile but also improve overall oral health. They help:

  • Correct misaligned teeth.
  • Fix bite issues (overbite, underbite, crossbite)
  • Prevent future oral health problems such as tooth decay, gum disease, and jaw pain.
  • Braces Treatment

    Looking to correct malaligned teeth and reinvent your smile? Learn more about our braces and aligners treatments and book your appointment with expert orthodontists at Dhriti Dental (Nallagandla and Manikonda) for a personalised treatment experience.

    FAQ’s

    When do teeth start moving after getting braces?

    Teeth begin to move as soon as the braces are placed, but noticeable changes may take a few weeks or months. The speed of movement varies based on individual oral conditions and treatment goals.

    Do braces hurt?

    You may experience mild discomfort or soreness during the initial phase of treatment or after adjustments. This is normal and usually subsides within a few days. The discomfort can be managed with over-the-counter pain relieving medicines or topical gels.

    How to take care of your teeth with braces?

  • Brush after every meal using a soft-bristled orthodontic toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste.
  • Use interdental brushes or floss threaders to clean between teeth and brackets.
  • Avoid hard, chewy, or sticky foods that can damage the braces.